Greenhouse gas emissions in the industrial sector of the Republic of Belarus: analysis and assessment

Abstract

The Republic of Belarus, as an industrially developed country with a strong mechanical engineering complex, production of agricultural and construction machinery, as well as a developed chemical, light and food industries, generates significant volumes of emissions, mainly due to the energy and industrial production sectors. Within the structure of industrial emissions, a significant role is played by cement industry enterprises, as well as the production of ammonia, methanol, and carbon black, where the largest volumes of emissions are generated. For these industries, CO₂ emissions are an inevitable consequence of technological processes. For example, in cement production alone, more than 2.4 million tons of carbon dioxide were released into the atmosphere in 2024. Given these data, it becomes necessary to develop and implement a set of decarbonization measures, including improving energy efficiency, switching to alternative fuels, and applying carbon capture, Utilization, and Storage technologies. The relevance of the study is driven by the need to assess the real contribution of various industrial sectors to the total amount of greenhouse gas emissions, to compare national data with international requirements and to identify optimal measures for reducing the carbon footprint of manufactured products.