The formal-semantic typology of Germanismes in Belarusian

Authors

Keywords:

Germanismes, typology, interlingual lexical parallels, homosemy, parasemy, heterosemy, mixed type, functional different lexemes, seme, seme-analysis, semantic intersection, semantic inclusion, connotation

Abstract

Germanisms are considered, which are separated from the Belarusian and German interlingual lexical parallels (291 pairs of words). The formal-semantic typology of Germanisms is based on three types of semantic relations: homosemy (full semantic identity), parasemy (partial semantic identity) and heterosemy (semantic exclusion). There are 5 main types of Germanisms in the Belarusian language: homo- and paralexes – homosemants, homo- and paralexes – parasemants, homo- and paralexes – heterosemants, mixed type, functional different Germanismes. It is found that the most frequent type of Germanisms in the Belarusian language is a mixed type (50 % of lexical pairs), characterised by partial semantic identity (parasemy with inclusion or intersection relations) and mismatch in the functional components of meaning and connotation. The least represented are functionally different Germanisms (2 % of word pairs) that differ in functional semes (territorial, local, social). Germanisms-heterosemants (completely mismatched in the meaning of the word) are represented in 13 % of cases, Germanisms-parasemants make up 19 % of all Germanisms, Germanisms with homosemy relations are noted in 16 % of cases. A significant part of Germanisms in the Belarusian language (84 %) refers to incomplete lexical parallels, or false friends of the translator. The practical significance lies in the application of the research results in the courses of contrastive linguistics, translation, as well as in lexicography when compiling a bilingual Belarusian-German dictionary of false friends of the translator.

Author Biography

  • Oksana E. Suprynovich, Belarusian State University, 4 Niezaliežnasci Avenue, Minsk 220030, Belarus

    PhD (philology); associate professor at the department of German language, faculty of social and cultural communications

References

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Published

2021-08-05

Issue

No. 2 (2021): Journal of the Belarusian State University. Philology

Section

Linguistics

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How to Cite

[1]
Suprynovich, O.E. 2021. The formal-semantic typology of Germanismes in Belarusian. Journal of the Belarusian State University. Philology. 2 (Aug. 2021), 86–96.