Modern technoscience: mechanism of operation and organizational differences

Authors

  • Petr A. Vityaz National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 66 Niezaliežnasci Avenue, Minsk 220072, Belarus
  • Vyacheslav K. Shcherbin Center for Systems Analysis and Strzategic Research, the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 1 Akademičnaja Street, Minsk 220072, Belarus

Keywords:

technoscience, information and communication technologies, nanotechnology, artificial intelligence, biotechnology, social technology

Abstract

The mechanism of contemporary technoscience operation that was being shaped in the course of interaction across such diverse academic disciplines within its framework as information and communication technologies, nanotechnology, artificial intelligence, biotechnology, social technologies, etc. is considered. The core organizational differences of modern technoscience versus traditional discipline-based science are analyzed. It justifies the conclusion that contemporary technoscience is a new developmental stage of global science.

Author Biographies

  • Petr A. Vityaz, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 66 Niezaliežnasci Avenue, Minsk 220072, Belarus

    academician of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, doctor of technological sciences; head of staff of National Academy of Sciences of Belarus

  • Vyacheslav K. Shcherbin, Center for Systems Analysis and Strzategic Research, the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 1 Akademičnaja Street, Minsk 220072, Belarus

    PhD (philology); head of the sector of macroeconomic risks research

References

  1. Vityaz PA, Shcherbin VK. [The development of the academic form of organization of researches in the world science]. In: Paton B, Malitskii B, editors. XXVIII Kievskyj mehzdunarodnyj simpozium po naukovedeniju i istorii nauki «100-letije Natsional’noi akademii nauk Ukrainy: proshloye I sovremennost’» (Dobrovskiye chtenija); 12–13 marta 2018 g.;Кiev, Ukraina [XXVIII Kiev International Symposium on Science and History of Science «100th anniversary of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine: the past and the present» (Dobrovskie readings); 2018 March 12–13; Kiev, Ukraine]. Кiev: Feniks; 2018. p. 13–25. Russian.
  2. Lektorskii VA, Pruzhinin BI, Alekseeva IYu, Arshinov VI, Gorokhov VG, Dubrovskii DI, et al. [Convergence of biological, information, nano-and cognitive technologies: the challenge of philosophy (materials of the «round table»)]. Voprosy filosofii. 2012;12:9–12. Russian.
  3. Arzakanyan TsG, Gorokhov VG. [Preface]. In: Ignatovskaya N, Leont’ev V, editors. Philosophija tehniki v FRG [Philoso-phy of technology in FRG]. Moscow: Progress; 1989. p. 3–23. Russian.
  4. Harari YuN. Sapiens. Кratkaya istorija chelovechestva [Sapiens. A brief history of humankind]. Moscow: Sindbad; 2018. 512 p. Russian.
  5. Verbatim report of the meeting of the Council of the International Association of the Academies of Sciences. Bulletin of the International Association of the Academies of Sciences. 2008; 45:13–115. Russian.
  6. Коval’chuk МV. [Convergence of sciences and technologies – break in the future]. Bulletin of the International Association of the Academies of Sciences 2013;58:67–95. Russian.
  7. Gabbay D, Thagard P, Woods J, editors. Philosophy of Technology and Engineering Sciences. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2009. 1407 p. (Handbook of the Philosophy of Sciences. Volume 9).
  8. Schwab KM. Chetvertaya promyshlennaya revolyutsiya [The fourth industrial revolution]. Moscow: Eksmo Press; 2016. 288 p.
  9. Harari YuN. Homo Deus. Kratkaya istoriya budushchego [Homo Deus. A Brief History of Tomorrow]. Andreev A, translator. Moscow: Sindbad; 2019. 496 p. Russian.
  10. Pоrus VN. [The valuation of «Technology assessment» in western philosophy and methodology]. In: Iribadzhakov N, compiler. Filosofiya i sotsiologiya nauki i tekhniki. Ezhegodnik, 1987 [Philosophy and sociology of science and technology. Yearbook, 1987]. Moscow: Nauka; 1987. p. 249–275. Russian.
  11. Behmann G. Sovremennoye obshchestvo: obshchestvo riska, informatsionnoye obshchestvo, obshchestvo znanij [Modern society: risk society, information society, knowledge society]. Antonovskii AYu, Gorokhova GV, Efremenko DV, Koganchuk VV, Mesyats SV, translators. Moscow: Logos; 2010. 248 p. Russian.
  12. Gurevich PS. [Conformities to natural laws and social perspectives of scientific-technological progress (introduction)]. In: Gurevich PS, editor. Novaya tehnokraticheskaya volna na Zapade [New technocratic wave in the West]. Moscow: Progress; 1986. p. 3–30. Russian.
  13. Mozheiko MA. [Philosophy of technology]. In: Mertsalova AI, editor. Postmodernizm. Entsyklopediya [Postmodernism. Encyclopedia]. Мinsk: Interpresservis; 2001. p. 876–879. Co-published by the «Knizhnyi dom». Russian.
  14. Vernadskii VI. Nauchnaya mysl’ kak planetnoe yavlenie. Razmyshleniya naturalista [Scientific thought as a planetary phenomenon. Naturalist reflections]. Moscow: Nauka; 1977. 192 p. Russian.
  15. Moren E. [The principles of cognition of complicacy in the science XXI century]. In: Udymian NК, editor. Vyzov poznaniyu. Strategii razvitiya nauki v sovremennom mire [Challenge to knowledge: strategies for the development of science in the modern world]. Mоscow: Nauka; 2004. p. 7–26. Russian.
  16. Malitskii BA. Neoliberalizm i krizis innovatsionnogo razvitiya ekonomiki. Formula krizisa [Neoliberalism and the crisis of innovative economic development. Formula crisis]. Кiev: Feniks; 2013. 64 p. Russian.
  17. Bеrкоv VF. On the ways of overcoming of methodological crisis in the social-humanities sciences. Journal of the Belarusian State University. Sociology. 2017;2:87–94. Russian.
  18. Gоrоhоv VG. [The interdisciplinary researches of the scientific-technological development and the innovation policy]. Voprosy filosofii. 2006:4:80–96. Russian.
  19. Rакitоv АI. [The syntagmatical revolution (50 years later)]. Voprosy filosofii. 2012;7:100–109. Russian.
  20. Gоrоhоv VG. [Introduction]. In: Behmann G. Sovremennoye obshchestvo: obshchestvo riska, informatsionnoye obshchestvo, obshchestvo znanij [Modern society: risk society, information society, knowledge society]. Antonovskii AYu, Gorokhova GV, Efremenko DV, Koganchuk VV, Mesyats SV, translators. Moscow: Logos; 2010. p. 7–72. Russian.
  21. Кеllе VZh. [From the producing of knowledge to producing of technologies]. In: Udymian NК, editor. Vyzov posnaniju: Strategii razvitiya nauki v sovremennom mire [Challenge to knowledge: strategies for the development of science in the modern world]. Моscow: Nauka; 2004. p. 66–85. Russian.
  22. Pimenov V, Bystrov А. [The ways of development of industrial policy of Russia in the conditions of digital transformation]. Ekonomist. 2018;9:25–33. Russian.
  23. Каsavin IТ. [Inroduction. The Sources and sense of the social philosophy of science]. In: Kasavin IT, editor. Sotsial’naya filosofiya nauki. Rossiiskaya perspektiva [Social philosophy of science. Russian perspective]. Moscow: KNORUS; 2016. p. 10–26. Russian.
  24. Behmann G. [The new forms of producing of knowledge: the problems-oriented researches]. Epistemologiya i filosofija nauki. 2007;12(2):18–37. Russian.
  25. Starzhinskii VP, Tsepkalo VV. Na puti k obshchestvu innovatsii [Towards a society of innovation]. Мinsk: National Institute for Higher Education; 2017. 454 p. Russian.
  26. Zеyler R. Povyshenie effektivnosti issledovanii i razrabotok [Increase research and development efficiency]. Martsinkevich VI, translator. Моscow: Progress; 1967. 256 p. Russian.
  27. Maiorova TV, editor. Proektne finansuvannja [Financial designing]. 2nd ed. Kiev: Kyiv National Economic University named after Vadym Hetman; 2017. 434 p. Ukrainian.
  28. Каganova ZV. [The science yesterday, today, tomorrow: the lessons of history]. In: Udymian NК, editor. Vyzov posnaniju: Strategii razvitiya nauki v sovremennom mire [Challenge to knowledge: strategies for the development of science in the modern world]. Mоscow: Nauka; 2004. p. 462–469. Russian.
  29. Volovik VV, Shchedrovitskij PG. Constructive thinking: the unaccounted factor of development. Voprosy filosofii. 2018;9:39–49. Russian.
  30. Schwab KM, Devis N. [Shaping. The fourth industrial revolution]. Akhmetov K, Vrublevskii A, Karpyuk V, Kozlov A, translators. Моscow: Eksmo; 2018. 320 p. Russian.
  31. Chernozub SP. Blockchain and social networks of new generation: utopia, revolution, social change. Оbshchestvennye nauki i sovremennost’. 2018;1:134–142. Russian.
  32. Il’ichev LF. Filosofiya i nauchnyi progress: Nekotorye metodologicheskie problemy estestvoznaniya i obshchestvoznaniya [Philosophy and scientific progress. Some methodological problems of natural science and social science]. Moscow: Nauka; 1977. 319 p. Russian.
  33. Solove’v VP. Innovatsionnaya deyatel’nost’ kak sistemnyi protsess v konkurentnoi ekonomike (sinergeticheskie effekty innovatsii) [Innovation activity as a system process in a competitive economy (synergy effects of innovation)]. Kyiv: Feniks; 2004. 560 p. Russian.

Downloads

Published

2019-07-21

How to Cite

[1]
Vityaz, P.A. and Shcherbin, V.K. 2019. Modern technoscience: mechanism of operation and organizational differences. Journal of the Belarusian State University. Sociology. 2 (Jul. 2019), 66–78.