Расширяя гипотезу «двух ударов»: молекулярные механизмы RUNX1-RUNX1T1-опосредованного лейкозогенеза
Аннотация
Считается, что гибридный онкоген RUNX1-RUNX1T1, образующийся в результате транслокации t(8;21) (q22;q22), является одним из ключевых драйверов развития острого миелоидного лейкоза, однако, несмотря на более чем 20-летнюю историю исследований, его роль в процессе лейкозогенеза изучена не до конца. Распространенная концепция «двух ударов» предлагает рассматривать продукт RUNX1-RUNX1T1 в качестве конкурента интактного транскрипционного фактора RUNX1, главного регулятора дифференцировки клеток крови. Между тем в настоящей работе акцент сделан на то, что накопленная к этому времени информация не позволяет оценивать данную гипотезу как самодостаточную в существующем виде. В частности, показано, что, помимо онкогенных свойств, этот генетический локус RUNX1-RUNX1T1 может проявлять противолейкозную активность. Установлено, что гибридный белок способен не только подавлять, но и активировать транскрипцию генов-мишеней. Кроме того, он функционально кооперируется с интактным геном RUNX1. В представленном обзоре обобщаются современные данные о месте и роли онкогена RUNX1-RUNX1T1 в развитии острого миелоидного лейкоза и предлагается несколько магистральных направлений, позволяющих усовершенствовать модели RUNX1-RUNX1T1 опосредованного лейкозогенеза.
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