Электрофизиологический и радиоизотопный анализ потоков ионов, индуцируемых солевым и окислительным стрессом, в клетках корня высших растений
Аннотация
Под действием стресс-факторов среды активируется выход важнейших электролитов неорганической и органической природы из клеток корня во внешнее пространство. Данное явление описано для засоления, засухи, атаки патогенов, воздействия тяжелых металлов, окислительного стресса и др. Выход электролитов также наблюдается в рамках некоторых процессов нормальной физиологии как часть гравитропического ответа, формирования полярности и роста клетки растяжением. Несмотря на длительное изучение данного феномена, его молекулярный механизм остается непонятным. В настоящем исследовании для изучения биофизической и молекулярной природы выхода ионов из клеток корня развит комплексный подход на основе метода меченых атомов (загрузка 86Rb+ с последующей регистрацией параметров его выхода из клеток корня), реверсивной генетики и техники локальной фиксации потенциала на мембране. Продемонстрировано, что в корнях Arabidоpsis thaliаna (L.) Heynh. выход K+ при засолении и окислительном стрессе обеспечивается K+-каналами, кодируемыми геном GORK (guard cell outward-rectifying K+channel), а выход органических анионов – анионными каналами, кодируемыми геном ALMT1 (aluminum-activated malate transporter 1). Установлены особенности совместного функционирования данных систем при стрессе.
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