Метаболические особенности субпопуляций дендритных клеток

  • Андрей Евгеньевич Гончаров
  • Анна Сергеевна Таланкина

Аннотация

Метаболизм представляет собой важный механизм, обеспечивающий жизненную активность клеток и являющийся неотъемлемой функцией всех живых организмов. Недавние исследования обнаружили уникальные аспекты метаболизма в дендритных клетках, профессиональных антиген-представляющих клетках. Ранее считалось, что ДК относительно пассивны в обмене веществ, однако последние исследования демонстрируют их сложную метаболическую активность, включающую энергетический обмен и синтез биохимических молекул. Метаболические процессы в дендритных клетках имеют непосредственное влияние на их функциональные свойства и взаимодействие с другими клетками. Они также оказывают влияние на функции иммунитета и противоопухолевого ответа, так как дендритные клетки играют важную роль в представлении антигенов и активации иммунной системы. Сегодня значительное внимание уделяется роли дендритных клеток в контексте онкологических заболеваний, которые представляют собой группу наиболее опасных патологий, среди которых злокачественные новообразования выделяются своей агрессивностью и способностью уходить от иммунного контроля. Особенности метаболизма дендритных клеток в новообразованиях включают активацию гликолиза, усиленную потребность в аминокислотах и измененные метаболические пути. Изучение метаболических особенностей ДК предоставляет возможность разработки стратегий метаболической манипуляции для модулирования иммунного и противоопухолевого ответа. Кроме того, открываются новые перспективы для развития инновационных иммунотерапевтических стратегий, нацеленных на улучшение эффективности лечения рака и повышение выживаемости пациентов. Это важное направление исследований, которое может привести к разработке новых терапевтических подходов и персонализированного лечения онкологических заболеваний. В статье рассматриваются последние исследования, посвященные особенностям метаболизма различных субпопуляций дендритных клеток в контексте онкологических заболеваний, а также обсуждается влияние метаболических изменений на иммунные реакции и возможные стратегии использования этих сведений в разработке новых методов лечения новообразований.

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Опубликован
2023-11-09
Ключевые слова: дендритные клетки, метаболизм, гликолиз, окислительное фосфорилирование, цикл Кребса, окисление жирных кислот
Как цитировать
Гончаров, А., & Таланкина, А. (2023). Метаболические особенности субпопуляций дендритных клеток. Журнал Белорусского государственного университета. Экология, 3. Доступно по https://journals.bsu.by/index.php/ecology/article/view/5939
Выпуск
№ 3 (2023): Журнал Белорусского государственного университета. Экология.
Раздел
Медицинская экология