Comparative characteristics of heavy metals content in the various types of mollusks’ tissues in Gomel water bodies and its adjacent territories
Keywords:
heavy metals, gastropods and bivalve molluscs, interspecies differences, aquatic ecosystems, accumulation coefficientAbstract
The content and accumulation of some heavy metals in the soft tissues and shells of gastropods (Gastropoda: Limnaea stagnalis L. and Viviparus viviparus L.) and bivalves (Anodonta cygnea L. and Unio pictorum L.) were studied. Based on observations, a higher content of copper, chromium and nickel in the soft tissues of gastropods has been established. In chromium, the maximum content is typical for the tissues of the pond snail, while in the viviparus it is minimal. The content of lead, zinc, manganese and cobalt is higher in bivalves. In shellfish shells, the concentrations of lead, cobalt, chromium and zinc were below the detection limit. Copper is predominantly concentrated in the soft tissues of mollusks; nickel is evenly distributed between the soft tissues and shells. The manganese content in the tissues of bivalves exceeds the concentration in shells; the opposite trend is observed in gastropods. The presented series of accumulation of the studied metals for gastropods and bivalves have significant differences, which may be determined by the different availability of metals in the abiotic components of the reservoir for individuals of different classes of mollusks. The level of accumulation of individual metals in the tissues of gastropods in the control reservoir exceeded those values calculated for urban reservoirs, which was not observed in bivalves.
Based on the data obtained, for a comprehensive assessment of water bodies in relation to determining the degree of contamination of abiotic components with heavy metals, we can recommend the viviparous as an indicator of copper and nickel, for determining contamination with zinc, manganese and cobalt - pearl barley, chromium - pond snail, lead - toothless. However, it is difficult to determine the degree of pollution of water bodies with heavy metals using only the soft tissues of mollusks and the values of the coefficients of metal accumulation in tissues based on bottom sediments; it is necessary to resort to special integral indicators of pollution.
References
- Nikanorov AM, Zhulidov AV, Pokarzhevskij AD. Biomonitoring metallov v presnovodnyh ekosistemah [Biomonitoring of heavy metals in freshwater ecosystems]. Leningrad: Gidrometeoizdat; 1991. 311 р. Russian.
- Mur DzhV, Ramamurti S. Tyazhelye metally v prirodnyh vodah [Heavy metals in natural waters]. Moscow: Mir; 1987. 288 p. Russian.
- Hristoforova NK, Gneteckij AV Soderzhanie tyazhelyh metallov v dolgozhivushchih mitilidah ussurijskogo zaliva Yaponskogo morya [The content of heavy metals in long-living mytilids from Ussuriisky bay] Biologiya morya. 2022;1(48):30–37. Russian.
- Dobrovol’skij V.V. Osnovy biogeohimii [Fundamentals of biogeochemistry]. Moscow: Vysshaya shkola; 1998. 413 p. Russian.
- Donec MM, Cygankov VYu, Kul’shova VI, Elhuri Zh, Boyarova MD, Gumovskij AN, Gumovskaya YuP, Bogatov VV, Prozorova LA, Chernova EN, Lysenko EV, Ngo KK. Pishchevaya bezopasnost’ dvustvorchatyh mollyuskov Yuzhnogo V’etnama: hlororganicheskie soedineniya i tyazhelye metally kak faktory riska dlya zdorov’ya cheloveka [Food safety of bivalves from the south vietnam: organochlorine compounds and heavy metals as risk factors for human health]. Medicinskij akademicheskij zhurnal. 2020;20(2):45–58. Russian.
- Pospelova NV, Prijmak AS, Ryabushko V.I. Soderzhanie mikroelementov v myagkih tkanyah i rakovinah midii Mytilus galloprovincialis, kul’tiviruemoj na vzmor’e g. Sevastopolya [Chemical Composition of Mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis Cultivated at the Seashore of Sevastopol (Black Sea)]. Ekologicheskaya bezopasnost’ pribrezhnoj i shel’fovoj zon morya. 2021;4:67–80. Russian.
- Ershova TS, Zajcev VF, Chaplygin VA. Osobennosti migracii svinca v ekosisteme Kaspijskogo morya [Features of lead migration in the ecosystem of the Caspian Sea] Uchenye zapiski Krymskogo federal’nogo universiteta imeni V. I. Vernadskogo. Biologiya. Himiya. 2021; 4(7):3–22. Russian.
- Holodkevich SV, Sharov AN, Chujko GM, Kuznecova TV, Gapeeva MV, Lozhkina RA. Ocenka kachestva presnovodnyh ekosistem po funkcional’nomu sostoyaniyu dvustvorchatyh mollyuskov [Assessment of the quality of freshwater ecosystems based on the functional condition of bivalved mollusks]. Vodnye resursy. 2019;2(46):214–224. Russian.
- Silkin YuA, Silkina EN, Silkin MYu, Stolbov AYa, Silkina AYu. Osobennosti nakopleniya tyazhelyh metallov v myagkih tkanyah sredizemnomorskoj midii i gigantskoj ustricy, vyrashchennyh v pribrezhnoj zone yugo-vostochnogo Kryma [Features of the accumulation of heavy metals in the soft tissues of Mediterranean mussels and giant oysters grown in the coastal zone of southeastern Crimea]. Vodnoe hozyajstvo Rossii. 2017;4:99–109. Russian.
- Homich VS, Kakareka SV, Kuharchik TI. Ekogeohimiya gorodskih landshaftov Belarusi [Ecogeochemistry of urban landscapes of Belarus]. Minsk: RUP «Minsktipproekt»; 2004. 260 p. Russian.
- Volkova VI, Chyong VT. Nakoplenie svinca (Pb) i kadmiya (Cd) mollyuskami corbicula sp. v ust’yah rek goroda Hajfona (V’etnam) [accumulation of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) in the mollusc Corbicula sp at estuary of Hai Phong city (Vietnam)] Sovremennye problemy nauki i obrazovaniya. 2017;5:356. Russian.
- Bren’ NV. Biologicheskij monitoring i obshchie zakonomernosti nakopleniya tyazhelyh metallov presnovodnymi donnymi bespozvonochnymi [Biological monitoring and general patterns of accumulation of heavy metals by freshwater benthic invertebrates]. Hydrobiological Journal. 2008;44(2): 96–115. Russian.
- Stoljar OB, Grubinko VV, Myhajliv RL, et al. Vliyanie uslovij sushchestvovaniya na svyazyvanie tyazhelyh metallov i okislitel’nuyu destrukciyu biomolekul v tkanyah presnovodnogo dvustvorchatogo mollyuska Anodonta cygnea [Influence of living conditions on the binding of heavy metals and oxidative destruction of biomolecules in the tissues of the freshwater bivalve mollusk Anodonta cygnea]. Hydrobiological Journal. 2003;39(6): 73–82. Russian.
- Temerdashev ZA, Eleckij IYu, Kaunova AA, Korpakova IG. Opredelenie tyazhelyh metallov v midii Mytilus galloprovincialis Lamarck metodom ISP-AES [Determination of heavy metals in Mytilus galloprovincialis Lamarck mussels using the IСP-AES method]. Analitika i kontrol’. 2017;2(21):116–124. Russian.
