The combined effect of dexamethasone and hydrogen peroxide on the structural state of the plasma membranes of thymocytes of experimental animals
Abstract
The aim of the work is to study structural changes in the plasma membranes of cells of the immune system under the combined action of dexamethasone and hydrogen peroxide. Using a pyrene fluorescent probe (Sigma), the lipid phase of membranes was studied. To study the effect of glucocorticoids on thymocytes, a synthetic analogue of the glucocorticoid dexamethasone was added to the cell suspension in various concentrations. Oxidative stress was simulated by incubation of a suspension of thymocytes with hydrogen peroxide. The work found that glucocorticoids, interacting with thymocyte membranes, cause a change in the physicochemical characteristics of the plasma membranes of thymus cells. The most pronounced changes were observed in the area of annular lipids, the microviscosity in this area increased by 1.5–2 times depending on the incubation time and dexamethasone concentration. The exogenous effect of hydrogen peroxide on thymocytes leads to changes in the structural state of thymocyte plasma membranes, such as a 1.3-fold increase in polarity, a 2-fold increase in microviscosity in the area of annular lipids and a 1.7-fold increase in the lipid bilayer, as well as
a 2-fold increase in the degree of protein fluorescence quenching. These results indicate the activation of lipid peroxidation processes caused by the effect of hydrogen peroxide on cells, which indicates the effect of hydrogen peroxide on changes in the structural state of thymocyte plasma membranes. It should be noted that a decrease in the microviscosity of the lipid bilayer in these experiments was observed as a result of the membrane-mediated action of hydrogen peroxide, since this substance activates the processes of lipid peroxidation. Thus, the combined action of hydrogen peroxide and dexamethasone leads to such changes as: an increase in the polarity of annular lipids and the microviscosity of annular lipids, a decrease in the microviscosity of the lipid bilayer, as well as a decrease in the degree of attenuation of protein fluorescence. The minimum and maximum concentrations of these substances have a different effect on these parameters, which may be due to the complex interaction between hydrogen peroxide and dexamethasone.
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