Roadside phytocoenoses under conditions of erosion and soil pollution with salt components of deicing reagents

  • Yauheni S. Shavalda V. F. Kuprevich Institute of Experimental Botany, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus; International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University
  • Aliaksandr V. Sudnik Институт экспериментальной ботаники им. В. Ф. Купревича, Национальная академия наук Беларуси
  • Artur Yu. Komar V. F. Kuprevich Institute of Experimental Botany, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus
  • Anatoly N. Batian Международный государственный экологический институт им. А. Д. Сахарова

Abstract

Roadside phytocenoses along the right-of-way of highways in Minsk and the Minsk region were identified. The identified syntaxa belong to the classes Polygono-Poetea annuae, Artemisietea vulgaris and Molinio-Arrhenatheretea, reflecting the different intensity of a complex of anthropogenic factors on the structure of plant communities in the right-of-way. An assessment was made of the degree of erosion of roadside soils and their salinization as a result of the use of deicing agents and depending on the design of the right-of-way. The «notch» and «embankment» exposures are subject to the greatest erosion, and the maximum area of soil degradation is observed in areas directly next to the road surface of all exposures and on the «notch» slopes. There are signs of migration of Na+ and Cl– ions between soil horizons of 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm within the right-of-way during the growing season – the content of ions in the spring was higher in the upper horizon (0-10 cm); in summer, ion indices were minimally higher in the lower horizon (10-20 cm), being similar in values to the upper horizon. intensity of salt exposure relative to the assumed «toxicity threshold» showed the greatest effect of salinity in the «embankment»; in the «zero position» the effect of salinity was the least. The information obtained on the structure of phytocenoses and their growing conditions made it possible to develop brief recommendations for caring for the right-of-way and creating a sustainable roadside lawn.

Author Biographies

Yauheni S. Shavalda, V. F. Kuprevich Institute of Experimental Botany, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus; International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University

researcher at the laboratory of optimization and ecosystems monitoring; lecturer of the department of
environmental medicine and radiobiology.

Aliaksandr V. Sudnik, Институт экспериментальной ботаники им. В. Ф. Купревича, Национальная академия наук Беларуси

PhD (biology), docent; head of the laboratory of optimization and monitoring.

Artur Yu. Komar, V. F. Kuprevich Institute of Experimental Botany, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus

researcher at the laboratory of optimization and ecosystems monitoring.

Anatoly N. Batian, Международный государственный экологический институт им. А. Д. Сахарова

doctor of science (medicine), full professor; head of the department of environmental medicine and radiobiology.

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Published
2024-10-31
Keywords: highway, right-of-way, roadside vegetation, soil erosion, de-icing reagents, anthropogenic salinization, chlorides, water-soluble sodium
Supporting Agencies The work was carried out with financial support from the Belarusian Republican Foundation for Basic Research (grant NAUKA M № B23M-001 dated May 2, 2023).
How to Cite
Shavalda, Y., Sudnik, A., Komar, A., & Batian, A. (2024). Roadside phytocoenoses under conditions of erosion and soil pollution with salt components of deicing reagents. Journal of the Belarusian State University. Ecology, 3, 33-48. Retrieved from https://journals.bsu.by/index.php/ecology/article/view/6495
Issue
No 3 (2024): Journal of the Belarusian State University. Ecology
Section
The Study and Rehabilitation of Ecosystems