The Baltic states’ foreign policy goals and strategies regarding Russia in 1990s
Abstract
Unlike many other publications on the topic of the relations between the Baltic states and Russia, where authors focus mostly on Russian interests and goals in the region, this article presents the analysis from the perspective of Lithuanian, Latvian and Estonian interests and goals. The author reveals the main aims that defined policies of the Baltic states towards Russia in 1990s, demonstrates the dynamics of the issues, which constituted the agenda of Baltic-Russian relations in the appropriate period, analyses the strategies used by the Baltic states to implement their goals and interests regarding Russia and assesses their efficiency.
References
- Smith KC. Baltic-Russian Relations. Implications for European Security. Washington: Center for Strategic & International Studies; 2002. 61 p.
- Lopata R, Bielinis L, Sirutavičius V, Stanytė-Toločkienė I. Lietuvos užsienio politikos Rytų kryptis: santykių su Rusijos Federacijos Kaliningrado sritimi, Baltarusija ir Ukraina perspektyva. Vilnius: Vilniaus universiteto leidykla; 2007. 154 p.
- Mereckis D, Morkvėnas R. The 1991 Treaty as a Basis for Lithuanian-Russian Relations. Lithuanian Foreign Policy Review. 1998;1 [Internet]. [Cited 2018 July 19]. Available from: http://lfpr.lt/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/LFPR-1-Mereckis_ Morkvenas.pdf.
- Vitkus G. High time for reflection: 15 years of Lithuanian-Russian relations. Lithuanian Foreign Policy Review. 2006;18 [Internet]. [Cited 2018 July 19]. Available from: http://lfpr.lt/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/LFPR-18-Vitkus.pdf. 5. Zile L. Baltic-Russian Cooperation during the Restoration of Independence (1990 until the 1991 putsch). In: Tālavs Jundzis (Hg.), editor. The Baltic states at Historical Crossroads. Political, economic, and legal problems and opportunities in the context of international cooperation at the beginning of the 21st century. A collection of scolary articles. p. 489–501.
- Vorotnikov VV. Kontseptsii i prioritety vneshnei politiki Latvii, Litvy i Estonii v 2004–2012 gg. [Concepts and Priorities of the Foreign Policy of Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia in 2004–2012] [dissertation]. Moscow: MGIMO; 2014. 381 p. Russian.
- Vorotnikov VV. Baltic Ethnocracies between Russia and EU: in Search of Consensus under Conditions of Economic Crisis. Vestnik MGIMO-University. 2013;6(33):25–33. Russian.
- Vushkarnik AV. Problemy otnoshenii Rossii so stranami Baltii (1990–1996 gg.) [The Problems of the Russian Relations with the Baltic States (1990–1996)]. Moscow: Institute of Europe of the Russian Academy of Sciences; 1997. 72 p. Russian.
- Karabeshkin LA. [Russia and the Baltics: a Hard Way from “Love” to Friendship]. International Trends. 2004;2(1):85–91. Russian.
- Sytin AN. Strany Baltii i ikh vzaimootnosheniya s Rossiei v kontekste mezhdunarodnykh otnoshenii kontsa XX – nachala XXI vekov [The Baltic States and their Relationships with Russia in the Context of International Relations in the End of XXth – beginning of the XXIst centuries] [dissertation]. Moscow: [publisher unknown]; 2010. 533 p. Russian.
- Sytin AN. [The Baltic States on the Post-Soviet Space in the Context of their Relationships with Russia]. Problemy natsional’noi strategii. 2010;4(5):64 –79. Russian.
- Simonyan RKh. [The Occupation Doctrine in the Baltic States: content and legal aspects]. State and Law. 2011;11: 106–114. Russian.
- Simonyan RKh. [The Baltic Republics in the context of the USSR Split-Up]. Social Sciences and Contemporary World. 2014;3:98–108. Russian.
- Simonyan RKh. [Russia and Latvia. History and the Mutual Relations Forecast]. Vostochnaya Evropa. Perspektivy. 2011; 5:7–35. Russian.
- Simonyan RKh. [The Baltic States in the Years of the Gorbachev’s “Perestroika”]. Modern and Current History Journal. 2003;2:44–65. Russian.
- Simonyan RKh. [The Baltic States and the USSR Split-Up]. POLIS. Political Studies. 2002;6:151–154. Russian. 17. Trenin D. Russia and the Baltic states: security aspects. In: Tālavs Jundzis, editor. The Baltic states at Historical Crossroads. Political, economic, and legal problems and opportunities in the context of international cooperation at the beginning of the 21st century. p. 552–562.
Copyright (c) 2018 Journal of the Belarusian State University. Interntional Relations

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
The authors who are published in this journal agree to the following:
- The authors retain copyright on the work and provide the journal with the right of first publication of the work on condition of license Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial. 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0).
- The authors retain the right to enter into certain contractual agreements relating to the non-exclusive distribution of the published version of the work (e.g. post it on the institutional repository, publication in the book), with the reference to its original publication in this journal.
- The authors have the right to post their work on the Internet (e.g. on the institutional store or personal website) prior to and during the review process, conducted by the journal, as this may lead to a productive discussion and a large number of references to this work. (See The Effect of Open Access.)