The evolution of the China – US relations during Xi Jinping’s presidency
Abstract
The bilateral relationship between the United States and China is one of the most crucial and complex in the world. In the 21st century, the geopolitical landscape has changed as a result of China’s rise to economic dominance and the United States diminishing role in global production and commerce. There have been numerous ups and downs in the ties between China and the United States ever since Xi Jinping became the President of the People’s Republic of China. The evolution of these ties is reviewed, and the characteristics of each stage are examined.
References
- Bader JA. Obama and China’s rise: an insider’s account of America’s Asia strategy. Washington: Brookings Institution Press; 2013. 68 p.
- Edward I-hsin Chen. US – China trade relations and economic distrust. The Chinese Economy. 2014;47(3):57–69. DOI: 10.2753/CES1097-1475470304.
- Schindler S, DiCarlo J, Paudel D. The new Cold War and the rise of the 21st-century infrastructure state. Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers. 2022;47(2):331–346. DOI: 10.1111/tran.12480.
- Li Yihu. [The “Timing” and the “Momentum”: how to crack the “Thucydides trap” in China and the United States]. Renmin luntan xueshu qianyan. 2021;223(15):72–78. Chinese. DOI: 10.16619/j.cnki.rmltxsqy.2021.15.008.
- Huang Zhong. [The “new Cold War” between China and the United States from the perspective of the “Cold War”]. Zhengzhi yu falu liulan cishu. 2022;24(2):76–99. Chinese. DOI: 10.13549/j.cnki.cn11-3959/d.2022.02.004.
- Daya Kishan Thussu, de Burgh H, Anbin Shi, editors. China’s media go global. London: Routledge; 2018. 338 p. DOI: 10.4324/9781315619668.
- Jiang Anyin, Liu Bo. [Building “One Belt, One Road” in high quality: transformation of characteristics, reconstruction of connotation and realisation path]. Yatai jingji. 2022;231(2):104–110. Chinese. DOI: 10.16407/j.cnki.1000-6052.2022.02.007.
- Yiping Huang. Understanding China’s Belt & Road initiative: motivation, framework and assessment. China Economic Review. 2016;40:314–321. DOI: 10.1016/j.chieco.2016.07.007.
- Nany Hur. Historical and strategic concern over the US – China trade war: will they be within the WTO? Journal of East Asia and International Law. 2018;11(2):393–394.
- Vinogradov AO, Salitsky AI, Semenova NK. US – China economic confrontation: ideology, chronology, meaning. Vestnik RUDN. International Relations. 2019;19(1):35–46. Russian. DOI: 10.22363/2313-0660-2019-19-1-35-46.
- Nansheng Yuan. Reflections on China – US relations after the Covid-19 pandemic. China International Strategy Review. 2020;2(1):14–23.
- Yanqiu RZ. Vaccine nationalism: contested relationships between Covid-19 and globalisation. Globalizations. 2022;19(3):450–465. DOI: 10.1080/14747731.2021.1963202.
- Denmark AM. US versus China: promoting “constructive competition” to avoid “destructive competition” [Internet; cited 2022 October 17]. Available from: https://nsiteam.com/us-versus-china-promoting-constructive-competition-to-avoiddestructive-competition/.
- Brands H, Gaddis JL. The new Cold War – America, China, and the echoes of history. Foreign Affairs. 2021;100:10–21.
Copyright (c) 2023 Journal of the Belarusian State University. International Relations

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
The authors who are published in this journal agree to the following:
- The authors retain copyright on the work and provide the journal with the right of first publication of the work on condition of license Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial. 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0).
- The authors retain the right to enter into certain contractual agreements relating to the non-exclusive distribution of the published version of the work (e.g. post it on the institutional repository, publication in the book), with the reference to its original publication in this journal.
- The authors have the right to post their work on the Internet (e.g. on the institutional store or personal website) prior to and during the review process, conducted by the journal, as this may lead to a productive discussion and a large number of references to this work. (See The Effect of Open Access.)