Children’s magazines of Belarus in the pre-revolutionary period: typological features
Abstract
The article defines the main typological features of the first periodicals published on the territory of Belarus before the October revolution of 1917 for children’s readership. The author identifies changes in the socio-cultural and political contexts of the life of Belarusians in the pre-revolutionary Russian Empire and describes the conditions for the birth of national journalism for children. For the first time on the basis of studying the materials of the national archive and bibliographic catalogues of the national press of the late 19th – early 20th century, the author found that the history of Belarusian periodicals for children’s audience begins in 1905 with the release of the first monthly Russian-language illustrated magazine for children 8–14 years «Zorka». The article shows the results of the analysis of ideas and contents of specific journals «Zorka» and «Lucynka», specifics of the structural organisation of materials and art, and technical design of publications. The scientific novelty of the article consists in identifying new aspects of the study of the first Belarusian magazines for children, determining the main type-forming features of publications in accordance with the age category of the readership, the ideological content and design characteristics.
References
- Kholmov MI. Stanovlenie sovetskoi zhurnalistiki dlya detei [The formation of Soviet journalism for children]. Leningrad: Leningradskii gosudarstvennyi universitet; 1983. 209 p. Russian.
- Ganichev VN. Molodezhnaya pechat’: istoriya, teoriya, praktika [Youth press: history, theory, and practice]. Moscow: Mysl’; 1976. 286 p. Russian.
- Sluka OG. Golos revolyutsionnoi molodezhi: problemy stanovleniya i razvitiya molodezhnoi pechati Belorussii [The voice of revolutionary youth: problems of formation and development of the youth press of Belarus]. Minsk: Izdatel’stvo BGU; 1978. 141 p. Russian.
- Sluka OG. Komsomol’skaya stroka: problemy ideino-politicheskogo vospitaniya v molodezhnoi pechati Belorussii [Komsomol line: the problems of ideological and political education in the youth press of Belarus]. Minsk: Universitetskoe; 1984. 125 p. Russian.
- Sluka OG. Komsomol’skaya pechat’ Belorussii: problemy stanovleniya, razvitiya i ee rol’ v stroitel’stve sotsializma 1918– 1941 gg. [The Komsomol press of Belarus: problems of formation, development and its role in the construction of socialism 1918–1941 years; dissertation abstract]. Leningrad: Leningradskii gosudarstvennyi universitet; 1986. 42 p. Russian.
- Tereshkovich PV. Etnicheskaya istoriya Belarusi XIX – nachala XX v. [Ethnic history of Belarus in the 19th – early 20th centuries]. Minsk: Belarusian State University; 2004. 223 p. Russian.
- Damanowskaja LD, compiler. Druk Belaruskaj SSR, 1918–1965 (da 50-goddzja Vjalikaga Kastrychnika) [Printing of the Belarusian SSR, 1918–1965 (to the 50th anniversary of the Great October Revolution)]. Mіnsk: Dzjarzhawnaja knizhnaja palata BSSR; 1967. 91 p. Belarusian.
- Smekhovich NV, Unuchek AV, Filatova EN, editors. Istoriya belorusskoi gosudarstvennosti. Tom 2. Belorusskaya gosudarstvennost’ v period Rossiiskoi imperii (konets XVIII – nachalo XX v.) [The history of Belarusian statehood. Volume 2. Belarusian statehood during the period of the Russian Empire (late 18th – early 20th century)]. Minsk: Belaruskaja navuka; 2019. 413 p. Russian.
- Sakol’chik A, compiler. Periodicheskaya pechat’ Belorussii, 1817–1916 gg. [Periodical press of Belarus, 1817–1916]. Minsk: Gosudarstvennaya knizhnaya palata BSSR; 1960. 138 p. Russian.
- Doroshchenok PL. [Magazine «Zorka» (Vilna) – monthly illustrated edition for children in Belarus and Lithuania in the early twentieth century]. In: Samusevich VM, editor. Zhurnalistyka-2019: stan, prablemy i perspektyvy. Matjeryjaly 21-j Mizhnarodnaj navukova-praktychnaj kanferjencyi; 14–15 listapada 2019 g.; Minsk, Belarus [Journalism 2019: status, problems and prospects. Materials of the 21st International scientific and practical conference; 2019 November 14–15; Minsk, Belarus]. Mіnsk: Belarusian State University; 2019. p. 125–129. Belarusian.
- Govіn SV. Luchynka. Pashkov GP, editor. Belaruskaja jencyklapedyja. Tom 9 [Belarusian encyclopedia.Volume 9]. Minsk: BelEn; 1999. p. 380. Belarusian.
- Govin SV. Gistoryja belaruskaj zhurnalistyki (1563–1917 gg.). [History of Belarusian journalism (1563–1917 years)]. Minsk: Belarusian State University; 2003. 99 p. Belarusian.
- Sabuts’ A. Alaiza Pashkevich’s «Luchinka» connected epochs. To the 100th anniversary of the publication. Rodnae slova. 2014;4:13–17. Belarusian.
Copyright (c) 2020 Journal of the Belarusian State University. Journalism and Pedagogics

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
The authors who are published in this journal agree to the following:
- The authors retain copyright on the work and provide the journal with the right of first publication of the work on condition of license Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial. 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0).
- The authors retain the right to enter into certain contractual agreements relating to the non-exclusive distribution of the published version of the work (e.g. post it on the institutional repository, publication in the book), with the reference to its original publication in this journal.
- The authors have the right to post their work on the Internet (e.g. on the institutional store or personal website) prior to and during the review process, conducted by the journal, as this may lead to a productive discussion and a large number of references to this work. (See The Effect of Open Access.)