От изучения свойств и функций земель и почв к оценке их экосистемных услуг: обзор

  • Валентин Минович Яцухно Белорусский государственный университет, пр. Независимости, 4, 220030, г. Минск, Беларусь
  • Евгений Владимирович Цветков Московский государственный университет им. М. В. Ломоносова, Ленинские горы, 1, 119991, г. Москва, Россия

Аннотация

Представлены результаты аналитического обзора зарубежных и отечественных научных и прикладных исследований, а также собственные разработки авторов, посвященные специфическим особенностям и роли земель и почв в предоставлении экосистемных услуг. Под последними понимаются выгоды и блага, которые получает человек в результате хозяйственного использования почвенно-земельных ресурсов, способствующих повышению благосостояния людей, а также устойчивому существованию наземных экосистем. Рассмотрена дуалистическая роль земель и почв, которые, с одной стороны, выполняют хозяйственные, экологические, санитарно-гигиенические, территориально-организационные и другие функции, а с другой – являются признанной формой природного капитала, обладающей накопленным запасом стоимости. Несмотря на физическое единство земель и почв, при стоимостном измерении предлагается учитывать их отдельно, определяя ценность почв исходя из выполняемых ими экологических функций, а ценность земель как пространственной основы, сферы жизнеобеспечения, среды обитания, а также составной части любого объекта недвижимости – с позиций полезности и доходности использования земельного участка. Анализируются возможности оценки экосистемных услуг земель и почв на основе концепции общей экономической их ценности и перспективы применения полученных результатов в практике рационального природопользования и статистического учета природного капитала.

Биографии авторов

Валентин Минович Яцухно, Белорусский государственный университет, пр. Независимости, 4, 220030, г. Минск, Беларусь

кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, доцент; ведущий научный сотрудник научно-исследовательской лаборатории экологии ландшафтов факультета географии и геоинформатики

Евгений Владимирович Цветков, Московский государственный университет им. М. В. Ломоносова, Ленинские горы, 1, 119991, г. Москва, Россия

кандидат биологических наук; старший научный сотрудник кафедры радиоэкологии и экотоксикологии факультета почвоведения

Литература

  1. Ecosystems and human well-being. Synthesis. A report of the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. Washington: Island Press; 2005. 138 p.
  2. Helm D, Hepburn C, editors. Nature in the balance: the economics of biodiversity. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2014. 448 p.
  3. Baveye PC, Baveye J, Gowdy J. Soil «Ecosystem» Services and Natural Capital: Critical Appraisal of Research on Uncertain Ground. Frontiers in Environmental Science [Internet]. 2016 [cited 2019 March 21];4. Available from: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2016.00041/full. DOI: 10.3389/fenvs.2016.00041.
  4. Konyushkov DE. The development of the concept of ecosystem services: a review of foreign publications. Byulleten’ Pochvennogo instituta imeni V. V. Dokuchaeva. 2015;80:26 – 49. DOI: 10.19047/0136-1694-2015-80-26-49. Russian.
  5. Yatsukhno V, Dudko H, Tischkovich J. Lands/soils ecosystem services: peculiarities, significance, perspectives using. Zemlya Belarusi. 2018;1:35–39. Russian.
  6. Volobuev VR. Ekologiya pochv (ocherki) [Soil ecology (essays)]. Baku: Izdatel’stvo Akademii nauk AzSSR; 1963. 260 p. Russian.
  7. Kovda VA. Biogeokhimiya pochvennogo pokrova [Biogeochemistry of soil cover]. Moscow: Nauka; 1985. 263 p. Russian.
  8. Gennadiev AN. Pochvy i vremya: modeli razvitiya [Soil and time: development models]. Moscow: Izdatel’stvo Moskovskogo universiteta; 1990. 232 p. Russian.
  9. Dobrovolskii GV, Nikitin ED. Ekologiya pochv: uchenie ob ekologicheskikh funktsiyakh pochv [Soil ecology: the doctrine of the ecological functions of soils]. 2 nd edition, updated and supplemented. Moscow: Izdatel’stvo Moskovskogo universiteta; 2012. 412 p. Russian.
  10. Dobrovolskii GV, Nikitin ED. Sokhranenie pochv kak nezamenimogo komponenta biosfery: funktsional’no-ekologicheskii podkhod [Soil conservation as an indispensable component of the biosphere: a functional-ecological approach]. Moscow: Nauka; 2000. 185 p. Russian.
  11. Karpachevskii LO. Ekologicheskoe pochvovedenie [Ecological soil science]. Moscow: GEOS; 2005. 336 p. Russian.
  12. Dobrovolskii GV, editor. Strukturno-funktsional’naya rol’ pochvy v biosfere [The structural and functional role of soil in the biosphere]. Moscow: GEOS; 1999. 278 p. Russian.
  13. Uvarov GI. Ekologicheskie funktsii pochv [Ecological functions of soils]. 2 nd edition, supplemented. Saint Petersburg: Lan’; 2017. 296 p. Russian.
  14. Shoba SA, Yakovlev AS, Rybalsky NG, editors. Ekologicheskoe normirovanie i upravlenie kachestvom pochv i zemel’ [Standardization and regulation of environmental and soils quality and land management]. Moscow: NIA-Priroda; 2013. 310 p. Russian.
  15. Romanova TA. Diagnostika pochv Belarusi i ikh klassifikatsiya v sisteme FAO-WRB [Diagnostics of Belarusian soils and their classification in the FAO-WRB system]. Karpachevskii LO, editor. Minsk: Institute for Soil Science and Agrochemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus; 2004. 428 p. Russian.
  16. Klebanovich NV. Soils of Belarus – our wealth. Zemlya Belarusi. 2015;2–3:47– 48, 39 – 47. Russian.
  17. Vasenev VI, Van Audenkhoven AP, Romzaikina ON, Gadzhiagaeva RA. [Ecological functions and ecosystem services of urban and technogenic soils: from theory to practical application (review)]. Pochvovedenie. 2018;10:1177–1191. DOI: 10.1134/S0032180X18100131. Russian.
  18. Brümmer G. Funktion des Bodens im Stoffhaushalt der Ökosphäre. Deutscher Rat für Landespflege. 1978;31:13–20.
  19. Blum WEH. Functions of soil for society and the environment. Reviews in Environmental Science and Bio/Technology. 2005;4(3):75–79. DOI: 10.1007/s11157-005-2236-x.
  20. Blum WEH, Schad P, Nortcliff S. Essentials of Soil Science: soil formation, functions, use and classification (World Reference Base, WRB). Stuttgart: Borntraeger Science Publishers; 2018. 171 p.
  21. Schulte RPO, Creamer RE, Donnellan T, Farrelly N, Fealy R, O’Donoghue C, et al. Functional land management: a framework for managing soil-based ecosystem services for the sustainable intensification of agriculture. Environmental Science & Policy. 2014;38:45–58. DOI: 10.1016/j.envsci.2013.10.002.
  22. Lavelle P. Ecological challenges for soil science. Soil Science. 2000;165(1):73–86.
  23. Madena K, Bormann H, Giani L. Soil functions – Today’s situation and further development under climate change. Erdkunde. Archive for Scientific Geography. 2012;66(3):221–237. DOI: 10.3112/erdkunde.2012.03.03.
  24. Glæsner N, Helming K, De Vries W. Do current European policies prevent soil threats and support soil functions? Sustainability. 2014;6(12):9538–9563. DOI: 10.3390/su6129538.
  25. Schwilch G, Lemann T, Berglund O, Camarotto C, Cerdà A, Daliakopoulos IN, et al. Assessing impacts of soil management measures on ecosystem services. Sustainability. 2018;10(12):4416. DOI: 10.3390/su10124416.
  26. Dominati EJ, Mackay AD, Bouma J, Green S. An ecosystems approach to quantify soil performance for multiple outcomes: the future of land evaluation? Soil Science Society of America Journal. 2016;80(2):438 – 449. DOI: 10.2136/sssaj2015.07.0266.
  27. Comerford NB, Franzluebbers AJ, Stromberger ME, Morris L, Markewitz D, Moore R. Assessment and evaluation of soil ecosystem services. Soil Horizons. 2013;54(3):1–14. DOI: 10.2136/sh12-10-0028.
  28. Adhikari K, Hartemink AE. Linking soils to ecosystem services – a global review. Geoderma. 2016;262:101–111. DOI: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2015.08.009.
  29. Jónsson JOG, Davidsdottir B. Classification and valuation of soil ecosystem services. Agrocultural Systems. 2016;145:24 –38. DOI: 10.1016/j.agsy.2016.02.010.
  30. Status of the World’s Soil Resources. Charter 2. The role of soils in ecosystem processes. [S. l.]: FAO; 2015. 18 p.
  31. Robinson DA, Fraser I, Dominati EJ, Davidsdottir B, Jónsson JOG, Jones L, et al. On the value of soil resources in the context of natural capital and ecosystem service delivery. Soil Science Society of America Journal. 2014;78(3):685–700. DOI: 10.2136/sssaj2014.01.0017.
  32. Robinson DA, Jackson BM, Clothier BE, Dominati EJ, Marchant SC, Cooper DM, et al. Advances in soil ecosystem services: concepts, models, and applications for earth system life support. Vadose Zone Journal. 2013;12(4):65–78. DOI: 10.2136/vzj2013.01.0027.
  33. da Silva RT, Fleskens L, van Delden H, van der Ploeg M. Incorporating soil ecosystem services into urban planning: status, challenges and opportunities. Landscape Ecology. 2018;33(7):1087–1102. DOI: 10.1007/s10980-018-0652-x.
  34. Pulleman M, Creamer R, Hamer U, Helder J, Pelosi C, Pérès G, et al. Soil biodiversity, biological indicators and soil ecosystem services – an overview on European approaches. Current Opinion in Environment Sustainability. 2012;4(5):529–538. DOI: 10.1016/j.cosust.2012.10.009.
  35. Hauck J, Görg C, Varjopuro R, Ratamäki O, Jax K. Benefits and limitations of the ecosystem services concept in environmental policy and decision making: some stakeholder perspectives. Environmental Science & Policy. 2013;25:13–21. DOI: 10.1016/j.envsci.2012.08.001.
  36. Lal R. Soil conservation and ecosystem services. International Soil and Water Conservation Research. 2014;2(3):36 – 47. DOI: 10.1016/S2095-6339(15)30021-6.
  37. Wall DH, Bardgett RD, Beham-Pelletier V, Herrick JE, Jones TH, Six J, et al., editors. Soil ecology and ecosystem services. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2013. 424 p.
  38. Stolte J, Tesfai M, Øygarden L, Kværnø S, Keizer J, Verheijen F, et al., editors. Soil threats in Europe: status, methods, drivers and effects on ecosystem services. Luxembourg: European Union; 2015. 207 p. (JRS Technical Reports).
  39. Hardelin J, Lankoski J. Land use and ecosystem services. OECD food, agriculture and fisheries papers, No. 114. Paris: OECD Publishing; 2018. 74 p.
  40. The value of land: prosperous lands and positive rewards through sustainable land management. Bonn: Eld Initiative; 2015. 165 p.
  41. Kumar P, editor. The economic of ecosystems and biodiversity. Ecological and economic foundations. Abingdon: Rutledge; 2010. 410 p.
  42. Haines-Young R, Potschin M. Common International Classification of Ecosystem Services (CICES) V5.1. Guidance on the application of the revised structure. Nottingham: Fabis Consulting; 2017. 26 p.
  43. Costanza R. Ecosystem services: multiple classification systems are needed. Biological Conservation. 2008;141(2):350 –352. DOI: 10.1016/j.biocon.2007.12.020.
  44. Dominati EJ, Patterson MG, Mackay AD. A framework for classifying and quantifying the natural capital and ecosystem services of soils. Ecological Economics. 2010;69(9):1858 –1868. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2010.05.002.
  45. de Groot RS, Wilson MA, Boumans RMJ. A typology for the classification, description and valuation of ecosystem functions, goods and services. Ecological Economics. 2002;41(3):393– 408. DOI: 10.1016/S0921-8009(02)00089-7.
  46. Reimers NF. Prirodopol’zovanie: slovar’-spravochnik [Nature management: glossary]. Moscow: Mysl’; 1990. 638 p. Russian.
  47. Daily GC, editor. Nature’s services: societal dependence on natural ecosystems. Washington: Island Press; 1997. 392 p.
  48. Costanza R, d’Arge R, de Groot R, Farber S, Grasso M, Hannon B, et al. The value of the world’s ecosystem services and natural capital. Nature. 1997;387(6630):253–260.
  49. Ehrlich PR, Mooney HA. Extinction, substitution and ecosystem services. BioScience. 1983;33(4):248–254. DOI: 10.2307/1309037.
  50. Costanza R, de Groot R, Braat L, Kubiszewski I, Fioramonti L, Sutton P, et al. Twenty years of ecosystem services: how far have we come and how far do we still need to go? Ecosystem Services. 2017;28(part A):1–16. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoser.2017.09.008.
  51. Vasenev VI, Anan’eva ND, Makarov OA. [Features of the ecological functioning of constructozems on the territory of Moscow and the Moscow region]. Pochvovedenie. 2012;2:224 –235. Russian.
  52. Tsvetnov EV, Makarov OA, Yakovlev AS, Bondarenko EV. [On the inclusion of ecosystem services in the system for assessing damage from land degradation]. Pochvovedenie. 2016;12:1534 –1540. DOI: 10.7868/S0032180X16120133. Russian.
  53. Revised World Soil Charter. Rome: FAO; 2005. 8 p.
  54. Varállyay G. Land evaluation in Hungary – scientific problems, practical applications. In: Bouma JJ, Bregt AK, editors. Land Qualities in Space and Time: proceedings of a symposium organized by the International Society of Soil Science (ISSS); 1988 August 22–26; Wageningen, the Netherlands. Wageningen: Pudoc; 1989. p. 241–252.
  55. Communication from the Commission to the Council, the European Parliament, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions. Thematic Strategy for Soil Protection (COM (2006) 231 final). Brussels: Commission of the European Communities; 2006. 12 p.
  56. Lehmann A, Stahr K. The potential of soil functions and planner-oriented soil evaluation to achieve sustainable land use. Journal of Soils and Sediments. 2010;10(6):1092–1102. DOI: 10.1007/s11368-010-0207-5.
  57. Liang SY, Lehmann A, Wu KN, Staor K. Perspectives of function-based soil evaluation in land-use planning in China. Journal of Soils and Sediments. 2014;14(1):10 –22. DOI: 10.1007/s11368-013-0787-y.
  58. Tzilivakis J, Lewis KA, Williamson AR. A prototype framework for assessing risks to soil functions. Environmental Impact Assessment Review. 2005;25(2):181–195. DOI: 10.1016/j.eiar.2004.02.003.
  59. Land resource planning for sustainable land management. Current and emerging needs in land resource planning for food security, sustainable livelihoods, integrated landscape management and restoration. Rome: FAO; 2017. 68 p.
  60. Yakovlev AS, Sizov AP. [Scientific and legal prerequisites for the use of the concepts of «soil» and «land» in environmental practice]. In: Shoba SA, Yakovlev AS, Rybalsky NG, editors. Ekologicheskoe normirovanie i upravlenie kachestvom pochv i zemel’ [Standardization and regulation of environmental and soils quality and land management]. Moscow: NIA-Priroda; 2013. p. 22–28. Russian.
  61. Greiner L, Keller A, Grêt-Regamey A, Papritz A. Soil function assessment: review of methods for quantifying the contributions of soils to ecosystem services. Land Use Policy. 2017;69:224 –237. DOI: 10.1016/j.landusepol.2017.06.025.
  62. Burkhard B, Kandziora M, Hou Y, Müller F. Ecosystem service potentials, flows and demands – concepts for spatial localisation, indication and quantification. Landscape Online [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2019 February 20];34:1–32. Available from: https://www.landscape-online.org/index.php/lo/article/view/LO.201434. DOI: 10.3097/LO.201434.
  63. Murray-Rust D, Dendoncker N, Dawson TP, Acosta-Michlik L, Karali E, Guillem E, et al. Conceptualising the analysis of socio-ecological systems through ecosystem services and agent-based modelling. Journal of Land Use Science. 2011;6(2–3):83–99. DOI: 10.1080/1747423X.2011.558600.
  64. Metodologicheskie rekomendatsii po otsenke zemli po tekushchei rynochnoi stoimosti [Methodological recommendations for assessing land at current market value]. Moscow: Rosstat; 2015. 409 p. Russian.
  65. System of environmental-economic accounting 2012. Central framework. New York: United Nations; 2014. 347 p.
  66. Environmental protection and nature use. The procedure for determining the price assessment of ecosystem services and estimated value of biological diversity, TKP 17.02-10-2013 (02120) (01.06.2013). Minsk: Minprirody; 2013. 23 p. Russian.
  67. Krakovetsky AV. Methodical approaches to determination of the economic value of natural marsh ecosystems. In: Karabanov AK, editor. Prirodopol’zovanie. Vypusk 28 [Nature management. Issue 28]. Minsk: Institute of Environmental Management of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus; 2015. p. 61– 67. Russian.
  68. Shoba SA, Makarov OA, Abdulkhanova DR, Bondarenko EV, Giorgadze SR, Glazunov GP, et al. «Spravedlivaya» ekonomika zemlepol’zovaniya [A fair land use economy]. Shoba SA, Makarov OA, editors. Moscow: MAKS Press; 2018. 196 p. Russian.
Опубликован
2019-11-25
Ключевые слова: земля, почва, экосистемные услуги, экологические функции, природный капитал
Поддерживающие организации Публикация подготовлена в рамках проекта № 1.33 государственной программы научных исследований «Природопользование и экология» на 2016 –2020 гг. (подпрограмма «Природные ресурсы и экологическая безопасность» на 2019–2020 гг.).
Как цитировать
Яцухно, В. М., & Цветков, Е. В. (2019). От изучения свойств и функций земель и почв к оценке их экосистемных услуг: обзор. Журнал Белорусского государственного университета. География. Геология, 2, 3-14. https://doi.org/10.33581/2521-6740-2019-2-3-14