On the limit of the accuracy of timе stamp at the detection of annihilation γ-quanta with a scintillation detector

  • Mikhail V. Korzhik Institute for Nuclear Problems, Belarusian State University, 11 Babrujskaja Street, Minsk 220006, Belarus
DOI: https://doi.org/10.33581/2520-2243-2021-2-96-101

Abstract

An influence of the various relaxation processes of the electronic excitations causing the scintillation in the crystalline compounds under ionising radiation is analysed. It was found that the intracenter relaxation of electronic excitations in the luminescence ion forms a physical limit for the time resolution of the scintillation detector. The limit of the time resolution, which can be provided when measuring the ionising radiation with a scintillation detector, has been established by simulation. A comparison of the time resolution limits for various errors by the electronic part of the ionising radiation detector is performed. It is shown that inorganic scintillation materials based on single crystals activated by cerium ions have a limit of 10 ps, while self-activated scintillators with low yield and short scintillation kinetics may show results not worse than 20 ps. It has been demonstrated that a further increase in the scintillation yield while keeping the short kinetics in self-activated materials can provide a better time resolution in comparison with Ce-activated materials in future detectors.

Author Biography

Mikhail V. Korzhik, Institute for Nuclear Problems, Belarusian State University, 11 Babrujskaja Street, Minsk 220006, Belarus

doctor of science (physics and mathematics); head of the laboratory of experimental high energy physics

References

  1. Arkhipova AA, Chaika VA, Gromysheva OV, editors. Lyuminestsentsiya i ee primenenie v narodnom khozyaistve. Sbornik materialov II nauchno-prakticheskogo seminara; 12 marta 2020 g.; Moskva, Rossiya [Luminescence and its application in the national economy. Proceedings of the 2nd scientific and practical seminar; 2020 March 12; Moscow, Russia]. Moscow: Kurchatovskii institute – IREA; 2020. 64 p. Russian.
  2. Lecoq P, Gektin A, Korzhik M. Inorganic scintillators for detector systems: physical principles and crystal engineering. 2nd edition. Cham: Springer; 2017. 408 p. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-45522-8.
  3. Korzhik M, Tamulaitis G, Vasil’ev AN. Physics of fast processes in scintillators. Cham: Springer; 2020. 250 p. DOI: 10.1007/ 978-3-030-21966-6.
  4. LHC Experiments Committee. Technical proposal for a MIP timing detector in the CMS experiment phase 2 upgrade: CERNLHCC-2017-027/LHCC-P-009 [Internet]. Geneva: CERN; 2017 [cited 2020 November 5]. 98 p. Available from: https://cds.cern.ch/ record/2296612. (Technical proposal).
  5. Nargelas S, Dosovitskiy G, Korzhik M, Tamulaitis G. Role of inter- and intraconfigurational transitions of Pr3+ ion in nonequilibrium carrier relaxation in garnet-type scintillators. Optical Materials. 2021;111:110676. DOI: 10.1016/j.optmat.2020.110676.
  6. Gundacker S, Acerbi F, Auffray E, Feri A, Gola A, Nemallapudi MV, et al. State of the art timing in TOF-PET detectors with LuAG, GAGG and L(Y)SO scintillators of various sizes coupled to FBK-SiPMs. Journal of Instrumentation. 2016;11:P08008. DOI: 10.1088/1748-0221/11/08/P08008.
  7. Korzhik M, Alenkov V, Buzanov O, Dosovitskiy G, Fedorov A, Kozlov D, et al. Engineering of a new single-crystal multi-ionic fast and high-light-yield scintillation material (Gd0.5 – Y0.5)3Al2Ga3O12 :Ce, Mg. CrystEngComm. 2020;22(14):2502–2506. DOI: 10.1039/ D0CE00105H.
  8. Lecoq P, Morel C, Prior JO, Visvikis D, Gundacker S, Auffray E, et al. Roadmap toward the 10 ps time-of-flight PET challenge. Physics in Medicine and Biology. 2020;65(21):21RM01. DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ab9500.
  9. LHC Experiments Committee. The compact muon solenoid. Technical proposal: CERN-LHCC-94-38/LHCC-P-1 [Internet]. Geneva: CERN; 1994 [cited 2020 November 5]. 254 p. Available from: http://cds.cern.ch/record/290969. (LHC technical proposal; 1).
  10. LHC Experiments Committee. ALICE. Technical proposal for A Large Ion Collider Experiment at the CERN LHC: CERNLHCC-95-71/LHCC-P-3 [Internet]. Geneva: CERN; 1995 [cited 2020 November 5]. 237 p. Available from: http://cds.cern.ch/record/ 293391. (LHC technical proposal; 3).
Published
2021-05-25
Keywords: scintillator, time resolution, relaxation, cerium, lead tungstate
How to Cite
Korzhik, M. V. (2021). On the limit of the accuracy of timе stamp at the detection of annihilation γ-quanta with a scintillation detector. Journal of the Belarusian State University. Physics, 2, 96-101. https://doi.org/10.33581/2520-2243-2021-2-96-101
Issue
No 2 (2021): Journal of the Belarusian State University. Physics
Section
Atomic Nucleus and Elementary Particle Physics

The authors who are published in this journal agree to the following:

  1. The authors retain copyright on the work and provide the journal with the right of first publication of the work on condition of license Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial. 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0).
  2. The authors retain the right to enter into certain contractual agreements relating to the non-exclusive distribution of the published version of the work (e.g. post it on the institutional repository, publication in the book), with the reference to its original publication in this journal.
  3. The authors have the right to post their work on the Internet (e.g. on the institutional store or personal website) prior to and during the review process, conducted by the journal, as this may lead to a productive discussion and a large number of references to this work. (See The Effect of Open Access.)