From goddess to sukkubus: historical roots of demonization of a woman in Medieval culture

  • Marina A. Mojeiko Belarusian State University of Culture and Arts, 17 Rabkorawskaja Street, Minsk 220007, Belarus

Abstract

The article is devoted to identifying the causes of the formation of anti-feminist position in medieval worldview. It discussed question about the existence of objective trend in development of culture (in particular, the religious consciousness), influenced this process. It is shown that the appearance of the negative attitudes towards women had deep historical and cultural reasons that go far beyond the Medieval culture, and its roots upward, paradoxically, to the phenomenon of sacralization women in archaic agrarian cultures.

Author Biography

Marina A. Mojeiko, Belarusian State University of Culture and Arts, 17 Rabkorawskaja Street, Minsk 220007, Belarus

doctor of science (philosophy), full professor; head of the department of philosophy and methodology of humanities, faculty of culturology and sociocultural activities

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Published
2019-03-11
Keywords: mythological consciousness, agrarian culture, the cult of fertility, matriarchy, chthonic mythology, sanctification of female power, the personification of the Great Mother, Moonʼs myths, mythology of snake, patriarchy, epic mythology, fighting against the snake, demonization of female personifications
How to Cite
Mojeiko, M. A. (2019). From goddess to sukkubus: historical roots of demonization of a woman in Medieval culture. Journal of the Belarusian State University. Sociology, 3, 130-137. Retrieved from https://journals.bsu.by/index.php/sociology/article/view/1653