The word-formation potential of abstract nouns (thematic field «the spiritual world of man: consciousness, morals, feelings»)
Abstract
The article presents the results of the study of word-formation capacity of non-derivative abstract nouns belonging to the topic «spiritual world of man: consciousness, morals, feelings». The structural-semantic features of their word-formation nests are characterised. The following regularities in the manifestation of derivational activity of the group of substantive vocabulary were found in analysis. Almost all conceptually significant lexemes associated in the Russian consciousness with the idea of spirituality, morality and moral values have a sufficiently high word-formation potential and implement it in different directions. The most important in the process of revealing derivationally active or derivation, passive lexemes is the first stage of word-production. The abstract meaning of the nest-top lexeme at the 1st stage is either concretised when forming substantive lexemes with a face meaning or complicated by mutational word-formation values when forming attributive and verbal lexemes or is modified with deminutives. The more active is the horizontal expansion of the word-formation nest, the more derivative lexemes are concentrated in the 2nd and 3rd stages of derivation, the more new words with mutational word-formation meanings become, but the number of transposition words increases, and lexical derivation is filled mainly by lexemes with modification word-formation meanings due to variation of the verbal action and formation of nouns with word-formation meanings of a female person or the absence of (the opposite of) the motivating word.
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