Similar and distinctive features of the lexical-phraseological fields ‘anxiety’ in the Russian, Belarusian, English and German languages
Abstract
The paper considers issues of the interrelationship of language, culture and thinking, the similarities and differences of national languages nominative funds, factors that determine cross-language lexical and phraseological similarities and differences. The classification by M. S. Gutovskaya of nominative units belonging to different languages on the basis of cross-language similarities and differences taking into account linguistic, cultural and cognitive factors is applied. The proportion of lexemes and phrasemes in the categories of similar and distinctive is revealed in both all four languages, and in groups of Slavic (Russian and Belarusian) and Germanic (English and German) languages separately. There is a prevalence of differences in the naming of anxiety both in four languages and in the Germanic languages separately, the prevalence of similarities in the Slavic languages. Differences between lexical and phraseological parts are interpreted in terms of linguistic, cultural and cognitive factors. The leading role of the cognitive factor in the formation of cross-language similarities and differences in phraseology and cross-language similarities in lexics is determined, as well as the decisive role of the linguistic factor in the formation of lexical differences discovered by comparing four languages. The patterns revealed in the intra-group analysis (Slavic languages vs Germanic languages) are explained: the prevalence of cognitively determined phraseological similarities compared to differences of the same type in Slavic languages, a larger percentage of lexical similarities stimulated by linguistic reasons in Slavic languages compared to Germanic.
References
- Platon. Sobranie sochinenii. Tom 2 [Collection of works. Volume 2]. Losev LV, Asmus VF, Takho-Godi AA, editors. Moscow: Mysl’; 1993. 528 p. Russian.
- Aristotel’. Sochineniya. Tom 2 [Works. Volume 2]. Mikeladze ZN, editor. Moscow: Mysl’; 1978. 687 p. Russian.
- Restaut P. Principes généraux et raisonnés de la grammaire françoise avec des observations sur l’orthographe, les accents, la ponctuation et un abrégé des règles de la versification Françoise. Paris: Lottin; 1766. 496 p.
- Dumarsais С. Logique et principes de grammaire. Paris: Briasson & C°; 1769. 700 р.
- Gerder IG. Idei k filosofii istorii chelovechestva [Ideas for the philosophy of the history of mankind]. Mikhailov AV, translator. Moscow: Nauka; 1977. 703 p. Russian.
- fon Gumbol’dt V. Yazyk i filosofiya kul’tury [Language and philosophy of culture]. Gulysh AV, Ramishvili GV, editors. Moscow: Progress; 1985. 451 p. Russian.
- fon Gumbol’dt V. Izbrannye trudy po yazykoznaniyu [Selected works on linguistics]. Ramishvili GV, editor. Moscow: Progress; 2000. 396 p. Russian.
- Potebnya AA. Estetika i poetika [Aesthetics and poetics]. Ivan’o IV, Kolodnaya IA, compilers. Moscow: Iskusstvo; 1976. 614 p. Russian.
- Boduen de Kurtene IA. Izbrannye trudy po obshchemu yazykoznaniyu. Tom 2 [Selected works on general linguistics. Volume 2]. Grigor’ev VP, Leont’ev AA, compilers. Moscow: Akademiya nauk SSSR; 1963. 384 p. Russian.
- Uorf BL. [Science and linguistics]. In: Korolev K, compiler. Yazyki kak obraz mira [Languages as an image of the world]. Saint Petersburg: Terra Fantastica; 2003. p. 202–219. Russian.
- Vaisgerber IL. Rodnoi yazyk i formirovanie dukha [Native language and the formation of the spirit]. Radchenko OA, translator. Moscow: Editorial URSS; 2004. 229 p. Russian.
- Apresyan YuD. Izbrannye trudy. Tom 2. Integral’noe opisanie yazyka i sistemnaya leksikografiya [Selected works. Volume 2. Integral description of language and system lexicography]. Moscow: Yazyki russkoi kul’tury; 1995. 767 p. Russian.
- Kornilov OA. Yazykovye kartiny mira kak proizvodnye natsional’nykh mentalitetov [Linguistic world pictures as derivatives of national mentalities]. Moscow: KDU; 2011. 350 p. Russian.
- Zhinkin NI. Yazyk – rech’ – tvorchestvo [Language, speech, creativity]. Moscow: Labirint; 1998. 364 p. Russian.
- Grechko VA. Teoriya yazykoznaniya [Theory of linguistics]. Moscow: Vysshaya shkola; 2003. 374 p. Russian.
- Yakovleva ES. [A fragment of the Russian language world picture of time]. Voprosy yazykoznaniya. 1994;5:73–89. Russian.
- Gutovskaya MS. Leksiko-frazeologicheskaya struktura polya metayazykovykh oboznachenii v russkom i angliiskom yazykakh [Lexical-phraseological structure of the metalingual nominative field in the Russian and English languages]. Minsk: Belarusian State University; 2019. 399 p. Russian.
- Solodukho EM. Teoriya frazeologicheskogo sblizheniya: na materiale yazykov slavyanskoi, germanskoi i romanskoi grupp [The theory of phraseological rapprochement: on the material of the languages of the Slavic, Germanic and Romance groups]. Moscow: Editorial URSS; 2008. 294 p. Russian.
Copyright (c) 2023 Journal of the Belarusian State University. Philology
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
The authors who are published in this journal agree to the following:
- The authors retain copyright on the work and provide the journal with the right of first publication of the work on condition of license Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial. 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0).
- The authors retain the right to enter into certain contractual agreements relating to the non-exclusive distribution of the published version of the work (e.g. post it on the institutional repository, publication in the book), with the reference to its original publication in this journal.
- The authors have the right to post their work on the Internet (e.g. on the institutional store or personal website) prior to and during the review process, conducted by the journal, as this may lead to a productive discussion and a large number of references to this work. (See The Effect of Open Access.)